Category Archives: Spotlight

Songs for the community: Hardscrabble Hope by Maria Dunn

Maria Dunn has built her career around the kind of storytelling that sits at the heart of protest folk: songs about workers, marginalized communities, and the quiet resilience of ordinary people. Her latest album, Hardscrabble Hope, continues that tradition with a collection of deeply empathetic songs that blend political awareness with human-centered narratives.

Rather than delivering overt slogans, Hardscrabble Hope approaches protest through storytelling. Dunn focuses on individuals caught within larger systemsโ€”workers in extractive industries, people struggling with mental health, and communities facing social isolation. The albumโ€™s title itself reflects this balance: it’s a hardscrabble path towards a better world – but we must remain hopeful.

One of the recordโ€™s most direct social commentaries appears in โ€œCoal Is a Thirsty Business,โ€ which examines the human and environmental costs of resource extraction. In 2020, the Alberta government repealed the 1976 Coal Policy that had long protected the eastern slopes of the Rocky Mountains from coal exploration and mining. The move sparked widespread opposition from citizens concerned about the environmental threats to the region, which supplies much of the provinceโ€™s drinking water. With southwestern Alberta also facing severe drought in recent years, critics argue that coal mining could further strain already scarce water resourcesโ€”summed up by rancher Laura Laingโ€™s warning that โ€œcoal is a thirsty business.โ€

Another track, โ€œReach Out,โ€ addresses the growing crisis of mental health and suicide with deep compassion:

“Why is there money for our jails, countless legal wars
But when it comes to healing minds, endless waits in corridors?
When will we realize our greatest measureโ€™s how we treat
Someone asking for our help in their deepest need?”

– from Reach Out

Another song that captures Dunn’s beautiful storytelling is “A Pill for a Broken Heart”, which highlights the experiences of people experiencing homelessness in Edmonton, Canada, inspired by Eric Riceโ€™s video This is Where We Live. One participant recalls a psychiatrist explaining that many unhoused people are dealing with โ€œbroken hearts,โ€ reflecting deep emotional trauma rather than something that can be fixed with medication. The text also notes that research shows people are more likely to experience homelessness if they faced childhood adversity such as neglect, abuse, domestic violence, parental addiction, or time in foster care.

โ€œPekiwewin,โ€ which uses a Cree word meaning โ€œcoming home,โ€ tells the story of an Indigenousโ€‘led relief camp in Edmonton that provides safety, care, and a sense of home for people experiencing homelessness.

Meanwhile, pieces like โ€œMister Potterโ€ cover whistleblowing within the health care industry, and โ€œAccordiona/Over the Hillsโ€ is a playful tribute to the patience and support of family, friends, and roommates who live withโ€”and encourageโ€”someone learning to play a noisy new instrument during lockdown.

Musically, Hardscrabble Hope expands Dunnโ€™s acoustic folk foundation with brass, Celtic-influenced melodies, and warm ensemble arrangements produced by Shannon Johnson of The McDades. There’s a sense of communal spirit to the album – these songs sound like they’re meant to be sung as a group, as a community, and on the streets.

Ultimately, Hardscrabble Hope stands as a reminder that protest music does not always need to be loud. Dunnโ€™s songs work through empathy, observation, and storytelling, illuminating the lived experiences behind political debates. By focusing on the dignity and resilience of everyday people, the album reinforces one of folk musicโ€™s oldest traditions: giving voice to those whose stories too often go unheard.

Tunisiaโ€™s rap revolution: 5 women who are redefiningย hip-hop

A female rapper performing outdoors at night, wearing a purple top and camouflage pants, with urban scenery in the background.
Snapshot from Medusa’s music video for the song ‘Harissa‘.

Jyhene Kebsi, Macquarie University

Women rappers were not really a feature of Tunisiaโ€™s typically masculine and chauvinist hip-hop scene until the revolution that overthrew Zine al-Abidine Ben Ali in 2011.

Now there are several politically conscious female voices rising in the rap scene. Gender studies scholar Jyhene Kebsi has published a research paper on how their lyrics highlight the multiple inequalities that women in Tunisia โ€“ and the world โ€“ must overcome.


How have male Tunisian rappers generally treated women in their songs and videos?

The gender politics of Tunisian menโ€™s rap is complex, but we can talk about one of its tendencies. Although there are men whoโ€™ve supported their female colleagues and collaborated with them on songs, their portrayals tend to lump women into one of two groups: virtuous or promiscuous; madonnas or whores.

This is clear in their use of obscene words that aim to degrade the โ€œfallenโ€ women they rap about. Their sexual references can be seen as a way to debase the โ€œeasy girls and immoral womenโ€ who challenge patriarchal norms.

This is in sharp contrast to the love and indebtedness they express towards their mothers and sisters. In contrast to western rap, the mother figure is central in Tunisian rap.

The sacredness of the mother in Tunisian Muslim culture is seen in songs full of gratitude towards those who brought them into the world.

Their reliance on this male-centred division between โ€œrespectableโ€ and โ€œunrespectableโ€ women spreads a toxic masculinity that supports harmful gender stereotypes.

This strengthens menโ€™s social dominance and their policing of womenโ€™s bodies. Having said that, it is very important to highlight that sexism is not limited to the Arab rap scene. As I explain in my paper, many western male rappers objectify, humiliate and degrade women in their songs too.

Who are the four female rappers you discuss?

The four Tunisian women rappers I analyse are Sabrina, Medusa, Queen Nesrine and Tuny Girl.

Thereโ€™s a common perception that Medusa was Tunisiaโ€™s first female rapper. In reality, Sabrina began performing rap in 2007 and Tunisiaโ€™s other female artists joined the rap scene after the 2011 revolution.

Medusa is Tunisiaโ€™s most famous female rapper in the west โ€“ her migration to France boosted her international profile. Although Tuny Girl and Queen Nesrine have not gained the fame of Medusa or Sabrina, theyโ€™ve released powerful feminist songs that criticise the status quo in post-revolutionary Tunisia.

These artists have mainly relied on digital media to share their songs with the public through social platforms like YouTube and Facebook. Unfortunately, all four of them have faced opposition because theyโ€™re women.

Rap is considered a masculine musical genre. Tunisian womenโ€™s initial entry into this male-dominated world was not easily accepted. Attitudes towards female rappers have evolved thanks to womenโ€™s gradual success in attracting a larger fan base.

But these four artists share a strong resistance to sexism. Most importantly, while being aware of patriarchal pressures, theyโ€™re conscious of the many different forms of oppression that intersect to keep women less equal than men.

This is evident in their songs, which reflect a strong awareness of intersectionality.

What is intersesectionality?

The black US feminist Kimberle Crenshaw coined the term โ€œintersectionalityโ€ in 1989 to describe the double discrimination of sexism and racism faced by black women. So, she used the term to discuss the multiple forms of inequality that compound themselves and create interlocking obstacles that shape black womenโ€™s experiences of discrimination.

Intersectionality highlights the experiences of multiple forms of discrimination when these categories of social identity interact with and shape one another.

We see an understanding of intersectionality in a song like Hold On, where Medusa raps about illiteracy, political struggle and motherhood:

I am watching the floating misery / Illiteracy has spread and made us go from one extreme to the other / Where is the freedom for which activists struggled? / I am the free Tunisian who exposed their chest to bullets / I am the mother, the mother of the martyr who has not gotten his revenge.

Or, in her song Arahdli, Sabrina raps about a range of social ills:

Leave me alone / The police catch you and harm you / Donโ€™t believe the corrupt state / Unemployment and poverty will not make you happy.

I found that what Medusa, Sabrina, Queen Nesrine and Tuny Girl have in common is their rejection of, as Crenshaw puts it, the โ€œsingle-axis frameworkโ€. The one-sided narrative that reduces womenโ€™s problems solely to men and patriarchy.

Instead, these artists highlight the damaging impact โ€“ for women โ€“ of the intersection of gender inequality, political corruption, unjust laws, ineffective local policies, the collapse of Tunisiaโ€™s economy and the countryโ€™s weak position in the global geopolitical landscape.

Their songs are united in their recognition that Tunisian womenโ€™s lives are shaped by all these overlapping power structures, exposing them to marginalisation and discrimination.

So, their songs identify hidden, interrelated structural barriers to their freedom. Misogyny is just one element that needs to be considered alongside other local and global issues when we discuss gender politics in Tunisia.

What other new trends are female rappers ushering in?

Women are at the forefront of innovation in Tunisian rap. Take Lully Snake. Sheโ€™s a Tunisian-Algerian rapper based in Tunisia. This 24-year-old artist was previously a breakdancer. Her passion for hip-hop culture and her love for US artists like Tupac, Kool G Rap, Queen Latifah and Foxy Brown led her to start rapping.

Like all Tunisian women rappers, she considers her entry into rap to have been a long and difficult journey. Starting in 2019, her first song was only released in 2024.

Lully Snake first uploaded her debut song Zabatna Kida on Instagram. Its uniqueness lies in its combination of rap and mahraganat, an Egyptian street music that emerged in Cairoโ€™s ghettos. Its success encouraged her to carry on rapping in both Tunisian and Egyptian, alongside other western languages and Maghrebi dialects.

Lully Snakeโ€™s experimentation proves that female rappers are innovating while spreading messages that empower women. This has ultimately enriched Tunisian rap.

Jyhene Kebsi, Director of Learning & Teaching (Gender Studies), Macquarie University

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

Pick on someone your own size: Casii Stephan relases King in America

A portrait of Casii Stephan, a Tulsa-based singer-songwriter, wearing a black outfit with a distressed design, standing against an orange background, promoting her new single 'King in America' with the title prominently displayed in white, bold letters.
(If youโ€™re reading this as a newsletter in your email inbox, please visit the full article in your browser to listen to the music)

Today, the fourth of July, Tulsa based singer-songwriter Casii Stephan is releasing her new single “King in America.” With a hard White Stripes-type bassline and a voice reminiscent of Fiona Apple and Lorde, Stephan has created a fiery anthem of resistance and one against the notion of “kings” in the US. The song also features a verse from Damion Shade.

We caught up with Stephan to learn a bit more about the song and the history behind it. Stephan explained how the song was written just before the ‘No Kings’ protests in the US, more specifically around the inauguration of Donald Trump.

“I wrote it because I was in Ireland and the UK around the time of Trump’s inauguration and shortly after it. I was hearing how Americans are loud, bold, and brash. I came home and of course the executive orders were going out left and right, and a songwriter friend was saying they were ready to rise up and they had their pitchfork. Also my trans friends were being threatened and I couldn’t just skate by. I’m a straight white woman. This song is me saying ‘Pick on me. Don’t pick on them. Come after the majority.'”

We asked Stephan how the reception has been so far, of her new song as well as of her protest songs in general, and she mentioned that her most popular song to date is her cover of Black Sabbath’s ‘War Pigs.’ Unfortunately, such a song is still very relevant today.

“I’ve done the mental work and preparation to know this is what I want to do and if people don’t like it, oh well. We’re at a crucial time. Things are just getting worse. If we don’t push back now, it gets harder as time goes by.

Meanwhile, the debate continues, about whether art and activism should go hand in hand or somehow be seperated. Stephan adds that it depends on the artist. She doesn’t believe that the two can be separated, especially during times like these, but she acknowledges that some artists need to keep the politics out of their art.

To each their own. We’re all here to do different things. Some of us are healers. Some of us are entertainers. Some of us are here to create an atmosphere. It’s the artist’s job to figure that out.

Logo of Shouts Music Blog featuring bold, distressed typography inside a circular border.